Umugozi w'amashanyarazi
01
Uruganda rwa Amzwire rw'inzobere rutanga insinga y'amashanyarazi isanzwe ifite imigozi itatu y'amapine yo mu Bwongereza
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi wo mu Bwongereza ufite pin 3 ni ingenzi cyane mu gukoresha ibikoresho bitanga ingufu mu Bwongereza. Ufite igishushanyo mbonera cy'umugozi ufite pin 3, uhuza neza n'amasoko y'amashanyarazi yo mu Bwongereza, ugatanga umurongo wizewe kandi utekanye. Uyu mugozi w'amashanyarazi wakozwe neza kandi wubahiriza amahame akomeye y'umutekano, utuma ingufu zikwirakwira mu buryo bwizewe kandi bunoze. Imiterere yawo iramba, harimo ibikoresho byiza kandi bifite ubushyuhe bukomeye, urinda kwangirika, kwangirika, n'ibyago by'amashanyarazi. Ufite volteji ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye n'ikoranabuhanga ry'amashanyarazi ryo mu Bwongereza, ubusanzwe volte 230, uyu mugozi w'amashanyarazi ukwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye mu ngo, mu bucuruzi no mu nganda. Waba ukoresha ibikoresho byo mu rugo, ibikoresho byo mu biro, cyangwa imashini z'inganda, umugozi w'amashanyarazi wo mu Bwongereza ufite pin 3 utanga imikorere ihamye n'amahoro yo mu mutima. Uburyo bworoshye kandi bwizewe butuma uba igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu gukoresha ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu buryo butandukanye mu Bwongereza.
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi wo mu Bwongereza wakozwe kugira ngo woroshye ariko urambe, utuma ukoreshwa neza kandi uramba. Iyubakwa ryayo rikomeye, irimo ibikoresho byiza n'ubuhanga buhanitse, ihamya ko umuriro usohoka uhamye. Uyu mugozi w'amashanyarazi utanga amashanyarazi yizewe kandi ahoraho, ugabanya ihindagurika ry'ikirere kandi utuma ibikoresho bihujwe bikora neza. Bitewe n'imiterere yawo yoroshye kandi yoroshye kuyishyiraho no kuyikoresha, yorohereza kuyishyiraho no kuyikoresha neza, ikanafasha mu miterere itandukanye n'ibidukikije byoroshye. Byaba ari ugukoresha ibikoresho byo mu rugo, ibikoresho byo mu biro, cyangwa imashini z'inganda, abakoresha bashobora kwishingikiriza kuri uyu mugozi kugira ngo bakore neza. Urakomeye bituma udashira, mu gihe uhoraho mu mugozi usohoka urinda ibibazo by'amashanyarazi n'ibyangirika bishobora kugaragara ku bikoresho. Hamwe n'umugozi w'amashanyarazi wo mu Bwongereza, abakoresha bashobora kwiringira ko woroshye kandi uramba, bagatanga amashanyarazi ahamye kandi yizewe ku bikorwa byinshi mu Bwongereza.
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi wo mu Bwongereza unyura mu nzira zikomeye zo kwemeza ko wujuje ibisabwa mu mutekano no mu bwiza. Izi yemeza ko ubusanzwe harimo ibyemezo by'Amahame y'Ubwongereza (BS), byemeza ko wubahiriza amabwiriza n'ibisabwa mu mutekano n'imikorere y'amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, umugozi w'amashanyarazi ushobora kuba ufite ibindi byangombwa nko kugaragaza CE, bigaragaza ko wujuje amabwiriza y'umutekano y'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, n'icyemezo cya RoHS, byemeza ko wubahiriza amabwiriza ku bintu bishobora guteza akaga. Ibi byemezo byemeza ko umugozi ukwiriye gukoreshwa mu bidukikije bitandukanye, harimo n'aho gutura, mu bucuruzi, no mu nganda, bitanga icyizere cy'umutekano n'ubwizerwe. Byongeye kandi, ibyemezo bitangwa na laboratwari zemewe zo gupima n'ibigo by'iyemeza byongera ubwiza n'imikorere y'umugozi, bigatera icyizere abawukoresha n'inzego zishinzwe kugenzura. Hamwe n'ibyemezo byawo, umugozi w'amashanyarazi wo mu Bwongereza ugaragaza ko wubahiriza amahame y'inganda, utanga amahoro yo mu mutima kandi ukagira icyizere cyo gutanga amashanyarazi mu buryo bwizewe kandi bwizewe ku bikorwa byinshi bitandukanye mu Bwongereza.
Umuringa wa BC, uzwiho kuba ufite ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi menshi no kurwanya ingese, ukoreshwa cyane mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi bitewe n'imikorere yawo myiza. Uyu muringa mwiza utuma amashanyarazi akwirakwira neza, ugagabanya igihombo cy'ingufu kandi ukagira icyizere cyo kwiyongera. Byongeye kandi, imiterere yawo idahinduka bitewe n'ingese ituma ikoreshwa ahantu hatandukanye, harimo n'aho hari ubushuhe bwinshi cyangwa imiti ikoreshwa. Ibikoresho bya PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) bikoreshwa cyane mu gukingira no gushyiramo insinga z'amashanyarazi bitewe n'imiterere yabyo myiza y'amashanyarazi, kuramba, no kugabanya ikiguzi. Gukingira PVC bitanga uburinzi bwiza ku nsinga z'amashanyarazi no kwangirika kw'insinga, bishimangira umutekano n'ubwizerwe mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi. Gukingira kwayo gukomeye birushaho kongera igihe kirekire, bikingira insinga kwangirika kw'umubiri n'ibintu bifitanye isano n'ibidukikije nk'ubushuhe, kwangirika, n'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe. Ibikoresho bya PVC bizwi kandi no koroha, byorohereza gushyiraho no gutwara insinga mu buryo bworoshye mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Mu buryo buhuriweho, ibikoresho bya BC umuringa na PVC birema insinga y'amashanyarazi yizewe kandi iramba ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye byo mu ngo, mu bucuruzi no mu nganda, bitanga uburyo bwo kohereza amashanyarazi neza kandi bigakomeza umutekano no kuramba.
